terça-feira, março 28, 2006

Será caule ou tubérculo?

Recebi de uma amiga, assídua leitora a seguinte dúvida: “Sr. engenheiro" elucide-me por favor que tenho uma dúvida. Batata é caule ou tubérculo?”
Face a esta questão elaborei este “post”, espero que esteja bastante elucidativo.
Em botânica, chama-se tubérculo ao caule que algumas plantas verdes desenvolvem abaixo da superfície do solo, geralmente como órgãos de reserva de energia (na forma de amido), como as batatas.
Não confundir com as
raízes tuberculosas, como a batata-doce ou a mandioca, que têm a mesma localização e função, mas origem e estrutura diferentes. Vem aqui


Acumulação de reservas na raiz - os alimentos acumulados nas raízes tuberculosas são, em geral, utilizados pela planta quando esta perde as folhas e, por isso, deixa de poder realizar a fotossíntese. A cenoura, o nabo, o rabanete, a beterraba e a batata doce são exemplos de raízes tuberculosas. Muitas raízes deste tipo são utilizadas na alimentação do homem.


Acumulação de reservas no caule - são também diversas as plantas que armazenam substâncias de reserva no caule. Por exemplo, a cana-de-açúcar é um colmo e a sua medula é rica em água e açúcar e a batata é um tubérculo rico em amido. Outras plantas que acumulam reservas são as plantas xerófilas, que vivem em regiões áridas, nomeadamente os cactos que armazenam água e alimentos no caule.
A foto dos coentros foi da minha amiga outsider, convido a todos a visitar o seu blog, tem fotos lindíssimas!

Acumulação de reservas nas folhas - algumas plantas armazenam grandes quantidades de água nestes órgãos. É o caso da cebola, que é um bolbo, em que as escamas não são mais do que folhas transformadas. Outras plantas acumulam óleos ou essências aromáticas principalmente nas folhas, como as ervas aromáticas, de que são exemplo a salsa, os coentros e a hortelã.

Acumulação de reservas no fruto - os frutos podem ser carnudos ou tornarem-se secos depois de maduros, mas são sempre ricos em reservas nutritivas. O arroz é muito rico em amido e é a base da alimentação de mais de metade da população mundial. A azeitona é conhecida pelo seu elevado conteúdo em óleos, permitindo a extracção do azeite. A maçã, a pêra, a noz, a castanha são apenas alguns exemplos de frutos utilizados na alimentação do homem.


Acumulação de reservas na semente - é na semente que se encontram as reservas nutritivas que vão servir de alimento ao embrião durante a germinação. A maior parte das sementes serve de alimento aos seres vivos. São exemplos a ervilha, a fava, o feijão e o grão.

47 comentários:

greentea disse...

gostei imenso e fiquei esclarecida.
Quanto aos coentros , são essenciais para mim na cozinha, em todas as facetas.
Curiosamente, no domingo postei sobre TOMATES e deparei-me com o mesmo tipo de questão : fruto ou legume...

nunca aqui tinha vindo , mas já percebi q me andas a fazer visitas sorrateiras ...
Boa noite.

shark disse...

Obrigado pelo seu comentário!
Adoro fazer visitas sorrateiras, adoro banhos perfumados... . Gosto de visitar o seu blog, porque tem fotografias lindíssimas! Quanto ao Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., isto é tomates, escrevi 2 ou 3 postos sobre e com o fruto.
Boa noite!
:)
PS- foi mais uma visita sorrateira!

greentea disse...

adoro estes trocadilhos sorrateiros, subtis

Quanto aos TOMATES, vou à procura deles, melhor, do post sobre Tomates

e agora vamos ao banho perfumado, que a energia é necessária para mais um dia - meio nublado, parece...

Anónimo disse...

volta a dúvida...
dentro da constituição da planta: tuberculo,caule, folha fruto a batata é??caule?
abelha maia baralhada ainda....

Anónimo disse...

obrigado pela amiga!
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